Volkova E.V., Denisov A.V., Kuzmina O.V., Lastovskiy A.A. The Archaeological Collection from the Borsk Museum of Local History
Ekaterina V. Volkova, Deputy Director for Research, Research and Production Center Bifas, Gagarina St., 86, 443045 Samara, Russian Federation
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Aleksey V. Denisov, Researcher of Archaeological Laboratory, Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, M. Gorkogo St., 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
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Olga V. Kuzmina, Candidate of Sciences (History), Researcher, Samara Archaeological Society, Leninskaya St., 142, 443041 Samara, Russian Federation
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Aleksey A. Lastovskiy, Senior Researcher, Research and Production Center Bifas, Gagarina St., 86, 443045 Samara, Russian Federation
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Abstract. The paper describes a collection of random finds from the funds of the Borsk Museum of Local History. All of them originate from the territory of the Borsk district of the Samara region. The collection includes items from different eras. The Stone Age is represented with an item made from the elk’s horn. Unique typological characteristics of the object allow us to consider it not as an ordinary clutch, but, perhaps, as a sceptre top. The most numerous finds is a group of materials from the Bronze Age, including stone axes, a pestle, a bronze sickle, a bronze dart tip, a clay spindle and bone a bead. A morphological analysis of the axes leads to the conclusion that they belong to the Fatyanovo and Balanovo cultures and they are the earliest of this type of objects in the Samara Volga region. The tip of the dart, according to its characteristics, has analogies in the monuments of the Abashevo culture. The sickle certainly belongs to the Srubna culture. Of particular interest is the ornamented clay spindle. Similarly shaped spindles are known in the monuments of the Sintashta, Pokrovskaya and Srubna cultures, and the presence of the ornament lets suggest that this product could serve as a pommel. Quite a rare find is a large bone bead. Analogies to it are found in funerary monuments of the Pokrovskaya culture. Published materials of the Iron Age are represented by iron daggers, a sword, a spearhead and bronze arrowheads. Their typology and dating have been determined using the morphological analysis of weapons and a search for analogies in adjacent territories. The finds of the modern times include bronze combs, decorated with twin horse heads. Such metal zoomorphic combs were used by the Finno-Ugric peoples until the beginning of the 20th century. These combs possibly descend from the bronze two-horse-headed noisy pendants of the 7th –11th centuries and comb-pendants of the 8th –12th centuries.
Key words: horn pommel, stone axe, sickle, dart, arrowhead, dagger, sword, spear, comb.
Citation. Volkova E.V., Denisov A.V., Kuzmina O.V., Lastovskiy A.A., 2018. The Archaeological Collection from the Borsk Museum of Local History. The Lower Volga Archaeological Bulletin, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 108-127. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/nav.jvolsu.2018.2.9
The Archaeological Collection from the Borsk Museum of Local History by Volkova E.V., Denisov A.V., Kuzmina O.V., Lastovskiy A.A. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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